Q3328. Which one of the following organisms bears hollow and pneumatic long bones?
✅ Correct Answer: Neophron
🧠 Solution:
Pneumatic bones are hollow bones found in birds, which enables them to fly. Neophron is a bird. Other options are incorrect because Hemidactylus is a reptile. Macropus is a mammal. Ornithorhynchus is a mammal.
Q3317. Which one of the following organisms bears hollow and pneumatic long bones?
✅ Correct Answer: Neophron
🧠 Solution:
Pneumatic bones are hollow bones found in birds, which enables them to fly. Neophron is a bird. Other options are incorrect because Hemidactylus is a reptile. Macropus is a mammal. Ornithorhynchus is a mammal.
Q3273.
Read the following statements.
I. Metagenesis is observed in helminths.
II. Echinoderms are triploblastic and coelomate animals.
III. Round worms have organ-system level of body organisation.
IV. Comb plates present in ctenophores help in digestion.
V. Water vascular system is characteristic of echinoderms. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
✅ Correct Answer:
II, III and V are correct
🧠 Solution:
Statements II, III and V are correct, while statements I and IV are incorrect. Incorrect statements can be corrected as: Comb plates are present in ctenophores which help in locomotion or swimming and not in digestion. Metagenesis is the alternation of generations between sexual and asexual reproduction. In helminths metagenesis is not observed.
Q3268.
Match the following.
✅ Correct Answer:
A. Physalia — 4. Hookworm; B. Limulus — 1. Pearl oyster; C. Ancylostoma — 3. Living fossil; D. Pinctada — 2. Portuguese Man of War
🧠 Solution:
Correct match: (A)–(2), (B)–(3), (C)–(4), (D)–(1). *Physalia* (Portuguese man-of-war) belongs to Coelenterata; *Limulus* (king crab) is a living fossil; *Ancylostoma* (hookworm) belongs to Aschelminthes; *Pinctada* (pearl oyster) belongs to Mollusca.
Q3241. Which one of the following belongs to the family Muscidae?
✅ Correct Answer: Housefly
🧠 Solution:
Housefly belongs to the Muscidae family. Muscidae are a family of flies found in superfamily Muscoidea. The family Muscidae is a large dipteran family comprising more than 5000 species. Firefly belongs to Lampyridae, Grasshopper to Acrididae, and Cockroach to Blattidae.
Q3224.
Match the List-I with List-II.
List-I A. Metamerism B. Canal system C. Comb plates D. Cnidoblasts
List-II 1. Coelenterata 2. Ctenophora 3. Annelida 4. Porifera
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
✅ Correct Answer:
3 4 2 1
🧠 Solution:
(A)-(3), (B)-(4), (C)-(2), (D)-(1) The annelid worms evolved from a coelomate worm-like ancestor which developed metameric segmentation or metamerism and the segments were termed as somites or metameres. Sponges (Porifera) have a water transport or canal system; water enters via minute pores (ostia) into the spongocoel and exits through osculum. The body of ctenophores bears eight external rows of ciliated comb plates which help in locomotion. The name Cnidaria is derived from cnidocytes or cnidoblasts found on the tentacles and body of the organism.
Q3342. Which among these is the correct combination of aquatic mammals?
✅ Correct Answer: Whales, Dolphins, Seals
🧠 Solution:
Among the given options, option (c) contains all aquatic mammals. Whales are inhabitants of the open sea, while seal (Phoca) is a marine carnivore. Dolphins are found in rivers. Trygon and sharks are fishes, which belong to chondrichthyes class of superclass–Pisces.
Q3286. An important characteristic that hemichordates share with chordates is
✅ Correct Answer: pharynx with gill slits
🧠 Solution:
The important characteristic that hemichordates share with chordates is pharynx with gill slits. These gill slits are narrow openings in the pharynx. The position of these pharyngeal gill slits is lateral in chordates, while dorsal in hemichordates.
Q3186. In case of poriferans, the spongocoel is lined with flagellated cells called
✅ Correct Answer: choanocytes
🧠 Solution:
Sycon belongs to phylum – Porifera. The porifers are the most primitive group of multicellular animals. They have no tissue grade of organisation and represent a cell-aggregated body plan, hence included in the sub-kingdom — Parazoa.
Q3287. Choose the correct statement.
✅ Correct Answer: All cyclostomes do not possess jaws and paired fins
🧠 Solution:
Cyclostomata is a class belonging to section 1-Agnatha of subphylum Vertebrata. It is a paraphyletic superclass of jawless fishes. They lack paired fins too. Thus, option (b) is correct.
Q3343. Which one of the following characteristics is not shared by birds and mammals?
✅ Correct Answer: Viviparity
🧠 Solution:
Mammals are viviparous while birds are oviparous. Viviparous means giving birth to offspring that develops within the mother’s body. Oviparous means producing eggs that hatch outside the body of mother.
Q3299. Which of the following characteristic features always holds true for the corresponding group of animals?
✅ Correct Answer: Cartilaginous – Chondrichthyes endoskeleton
🧠 Solution:
Reptiles have 3-chambered heart except crocodiles. Mammals are viviparous except prototherian mammals; chordates have jaws except protochordates and cyclostomes.
Q3244.
Match column I with column II for housefly classification and select the correct option using the codes given below:
Column I Column II
A. Family 1. Diptera
B. Order 2. Arthropoda
C. Class 3. Muscidae
D. Phylum 4. Insecta
✅ Correct Answer:
3 1 4 2
🧠 Solution:
Classification of housefly: A. Family – Muscidae B. Order – Diptera C. Class – Insecta D. Phylum – Arthropoda Short Trick: The question can be easily solved via elimination technique as (D) phylum is given with (2) Arthropoda combination only in option (a), which makes it the correct answer.
Q3243. Which of the following features is not present in the phylum–Arthropoda?
✅ Correct Answer: Parapodia
🧠 Solution:
Parapodia are present in aquatic annelids like Nereis, which help in swimming. Other three features — metameric segmentation, jointed appendages, and chitinous exoskeleton — are present in phylum Arthropoda. Out of these, metameric segmentation is visible as tagmetisation.
Q3302. Match the name of the animal (column I) with one characteristic (column II) and the phylum/class (column III) to which it belongs
✅ Correct Answer: Petromyzon - Ectoparasite - Cyclostomata
🧠 Solution:
Option (a) is correctly matched as Petromyzon (lamprey) is an ectoparasite on fishes, which belongs to Cyclostomata. Others can be corrected as Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian. Limulus (king crab) is a living fossil, which belongs to Arthropoda. Adamsia having polyp body form is a coelenterate.
Q3247. Which of the following are correctly matched with respect to their taxonomic classification?
✅ Correct Answer: Housefly, butterfly, tse-tse fly, silver fish — Insecta
🧠 Solution:
Option (c) is correctly matched. Housefly, butterfly, tse-tse fly, and silver fish belong to class–Insecta of phylum–Arthropoda. Other corrections: Flying fish–class Osteichthyes (phylum–Pisces); Cuttle fish (Sepia)–phylum–Mollusca; Sea urchin and sea cucumber–phylum–Echinodermata; Spider and scorpion–class–Arachnida (phylum–Arthropoda); Centipede–class–Chilopoda; Millipede–class–Diplopoda; Spiny anteater–phylum–Mammalia.
Q3246. One of the representatives of Phylum–Arthropoda is
✅ Correct Answer: Silver fish
🧠 Solution:
Silver fish belongs to phylum–Arthropoda. It is a small, wingless insect in the order Thysanura. Cuttle fish belongs to Mollusca, and Puffer fish and Flying fish belong to Chordata (class–Pisces).
Q3245. Which group of animals belong to the same phylum?
✅ Correct Answer: Prawn, scorpion, Locusta
🧠 Solution:
Prawn, Scorpion, and Locusta belong to phylum–Arthropoda, therefore it is correct. Others can be corrected as: Malarial parasite (Plasmodium vivax) and Amoeba belong to phylum–Protozoa; Mosquito–Phylum–Arthropoda; Earthworm–Phylum–Annelida; Pinworm and Tapeworm–Phylum–Aschelminthes; Sponge–Phylum–Porifera; Sea anemone–Phylum–Coelenterata; Starfish–Phylum–Echinodermata.
Q3298.
Match the following columns and select the correct option.
Column I | Column II
A. 6-15 pairs of gill slits | 1. Trygon
B. Heterocercal caudal fin | 2. Cyclostomes
C. Air bladder | 3. Chondrichthyes
D. Poison sting | 4. Osteichthyes
✅ Correct Answer:
2 3 4 1
🧠 Solution:
Cyclostomes have an elongated body bearing 6-15 pairs of gill slits for respiration. Air bladder is present in bony fishes belonging to class-Osteichthyes which regulates buoyancy. Trygon, a cartilaginous fish, possesses poison sting. Heterocercal caudal fin is present in members of class-Chondrichthyes.
Q3284. Which of the following statements are true for the phylum–Chordata?
I. In Urochordata notochord extends from head to tail and it is present throughout their life.
II. In Vertebrata, notochord is present during the embryonic period only.
III. Central nervous system is dorsal and hollow.
IV. Chordata is divided into 3 subphyla, Hemichordata, Tunicata and Cephalochordata.
✅ Correct Answer: II and III
🧠 Solution:
Statement II and III are correct. Statement I and IV are incorrect and can be corrected as:
In Urochordata, notochord is present only in larval tail, while in Cephalochordata, it extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life.
Phylum–Chordata is divided into three subphyla i.e. Urochordata or Tunicata, Cephalochordata and Vertebrata.
Q3207. Bilaterally symmetrical and acoelomate animals are exemplified by
✅ Correct Answer: Platyhelminthes
🧠 Solution:
Platyhelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and acoelomate animals with organ level of organisation.
Aschelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and pseudocoelomate with organ system grade of organisation.
Annelida are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and truly schizocoelomate.
Ctenophora are biradially symmetrical, triploblastic, and acoelomate.
Q3206.
Match the following columns and select the correct option.
Column I — Column II
A. Gregarious, polyphagous pest — 1. Asterias
B. Adult with radial symmetry and larva with bilateral symmetry — 2. Scorpion
C. Book lungs — 3. Ctenoplana
D. Bioluminescence — 4. Locusta
✅ Correct Answer:
4 1 2 3
🧠 Solution:
The correct option is (a). Locusta is a gregarious pest. In echinoderms, adults are radially symmetrical but larvae are bilaterally symmetrical. Scorpions respire through book lungs. Bioluminescence is well-marked in ctenophores.
Q3274. Match the following genera with their respective phylum.
Column I | Column II
1. Ophiura | (i) Mollusca
2. Physalia | (ii) Platyhelminthes
3. Pinctada | (iii) Echinodermata
4. Planaria | (iv) Coelenterata
Select the correct option from the following 1 2 3 4
✅ Correct Answer: (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
🧠 Solution:
The correct matches are:
1. Ophiura (Brittle star) (iii) Echinodermata
2. Physalia (Portuguese man of war) (iv) Coelenterata
3. Pinctada (Pearl oyster) (ii) Mollusca
4. Planaria (Flatworm) (ii) Platyhelminthes
Q3226. Which of the following animals are true coelomates with bilateral symmetry?
✅ Correct Answer: Annelids
🧠 Solution:
Annelids are true coelomates with bilateral symmetry. These exhibit organ-system level of body organisation with true coelom. They are triploblastic, metamerically segmented and coelomate animals, e.g. earthworm.
Q3329.
Match the following (Columns) group of organisms with their respective distinctive characteristics and select the correct option from the codes given below
A. Platyhelminthes — 3. Bilateral symmetry with incomplete digestive system
B. Echinoderms — 4. Radial symmetry with indirect development
C. Hemichordates — 1. Cylindrical body with no segmentation
D. Aves — 2. Warm blooded animals with direct development Codes:
✅ Correct Answer:
(a) 3 4 1 2
🧠 Solution:
The option (a) is the correct match which is as follows: Platyhelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical with incomplete digestive system, e.g. Taenia. Echinoderms are radially symmetrical with indirect development, e.g. star fish, sea urchin etc. Hemichordates are cylindrical bodied animal with no segmentation, e.g. Balanoglossus. Aves are warm-blooded animals with direct development like pigeon.
Q3318.
Match the following (Columns) group of organisms with their respective distinctive characteristics and select the correct option from the codes given below
A. Platyhelminthes — 3. Bilateral symmetry with incomplete digestive system
B. Echinoderms — 4. Radial symmetry with indirect development
C. Hemichordates — 1. Cylindrical body with no segmentation
D. Aves — 2. Warm blooded animals with direct development Codes
✅ Correct Answer:
(a) 3 4 1 2
🧠 Solution:
The option (a) is the correct match which is as follows: Platyhelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical with incomplete digestive system, e.g. Taenia. Echinoderms are radially symmetrical with indirect development, e.g. star fish, sea urchin etc. Hemichordates are cylindrical bodied animal with no segmentation, e.g. Balanoglossus. Aves are warm-blooded animals with direct development like pigeon.
Q3297.
Match the following columns and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column I | Column II
A. Aptenodytes | 1. Flying fox
B. Pteropus | 2. Angel fish
C. Pterophyllum | 3. Lamprey
D. Petromyzon | 4. Penguin Codes
✅ Correct Answer:
4 1 2 3
🧠 Solution:
The option (c) is the correct match which is as follows: Aptenodytes is penguin Pteropus is flying fox Pterophyllum is angel fish Petromyzon is lamprey
Q3283. All vertebrates are chordates, but all chordates are not vertebrates, why?
✅ Correct Answer: Notochord is replaced by vertebral column in adult of some chordates
🧠 Solution:
The members of subphylum–Vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period. The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult. Thus, all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
Q3225. Which of the following options correctly represents the characteristic features of phylum–Annelida?
✅ Correct Answer: Triploblastic, segmented body and bilaterally symmetrical
🧠 Solution:
Animals belonging to phylum–Annelida are triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical and metamerically segmented. They exhibit organ system level of body organisation with presence of coelom. They may be aquatic (marine and freshwater) or terrestrial, free-living and sometimes parasitic.
Q3285. Consider the following features:
A. Organ system level of organisation
B. Bilateral symmetry
C. True coelomates with segmentation of body
Select the correct option of animal groups which possess all the above characteristics.
✅ Correct Answer: Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata
🧠 Solution:
All the three animal groups namely Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata possess organ system level of organisation, bilateral symmetry and true coelom with segmented body. Molluscans are also bilaterally symmetrical and show organ system grade of organisation but they do not possess segmented body.
Q3242.
Match the following organisms with their respective characteristics.
Column I Column II
A. Pila (i) Flame cells
B. Bombyx (ii) Comb plates
C. Pleurobrachia (iii) Radula
D. Taenia (iv) Malpighian tubules
Select the correct option from the following:
✅ Correct Answer:
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
🧠 Solution:
(A)–(iii), (B)–(iv), (C)–(ii), (D)–(i) Pila (apple snail) contains a file-like rasping organ called radula for feeding. Bombyx (silkworm) is an arthropod in which excretion occurs through Malpighian tubules. The body of ctenophore Pleurobrachia bears eight rows of ciliated comb plates for locomotion. In Taenia, excretion occurs through specialised cells called flame cells containing a protonephridia.
Q3338. Sound box of birds is called
✅ Correct Answer: syrinx
🧠 Solution:
Sound box of birds is called syrinx, this produces voice. It lies at or near junction of trachea and bronchi.
Q3300. A jawless fish, which lays eggs in freshwater and whose ammocoetes larvae after metamorphosis return to the ocean is
✅ Correct Answer: Petromyzon
🧠 Solution:
Petromyzon (the lamprey) belongs to the section Agnatha of the subphylum—Vertebrata. They have long, greenish brown, cylindrical body with smooth scaleless, slimy skin, jawless mouth, etc. They lay eggs in freshwater, but their ammocoetes larvae (lower) after metamorphosis return to the ocean.
Q3190. Body having meshwork of cells, internal cavities lined with food-filtering flagellated cells and indirect development are the characteristics of phylum
✅ Correct Answer: Porifera
🧠 Solution:
In Porifera (sponges), bodies are asymmetrical and lack tissues or organs. They form a meshwork of cells surrounding channels that open to the outside through pores and expand into internal cavities lined with food-filtering flagellated cells (choanocytes).
Q3301. A marine cartilaginous fish that can produce electric current is
✅ Correct Answer: Torpedo
🧠 Solution:
Torpedo is a marine cartilaginous fish which produces 8-220 volt electric charge (current) depending on species. Their electric organs are modified lateral muscle plates innervated by cranial nerves. Trygon (sting ray) resembles electric ray in many aspects but is devoid of electricity discharging (or producing) organs. Scoliodon (dog fish) is known for its great sense of smell. Pristis or common saw fish (also known as carpenter's shark) is characterised by a long, narrow, flattened rostrum lined with sharp transverse teeth to resemble a saw.
Q3208. Planaria possess high capacity of
✅ Correct Answer: regeneration
🧠 Solution:
Planaria is a flatworm belonging to phylum–Platyhelminthes. They are the simplest form of multicellular animals.
They have high capacity of regeneration of new tissue at the wound site via cell proliferation (blastema formation) and the remodelling of pre-existing tissue to restore symmetry and proportion.
This is due to neoblast cells. These cells are usually scattered throughout the body and are able to participate in any type of development.
Q3195. Select the taxon mentioned that represents both marine and freshwater species.
✅ Correct Answer: Cnidaria
🧠 Solution:
Members of phylum Cnidaria occur in both marine and freshwater habitats. In contrast, Ctenophora, Cephalochordata, and Echinodermata are found exclusively in marine environments.
Q3194. Which one of the following living organisms completely lacks a cell wall?
✅ Correct Answer: Sea-fan (Gorgonia)
🧠 Solution:
Sea-fan (Gorgonia) belongs to kingdom Animalia, phylum Cnidaria, order Gorgonacea. As it is an animal, it lacks a cell wall. Cyanobacteria and blue–green algae (kingdom Monera) have cell walls made of peptidoglycan. Saccharomyces (yeast) belongs to fungi, whose cell wall is composed of chitin.
Q3344. Compared to those of humans, the erythrocytes in frog are
✅ Correct Answer: nucleated and with haemoglobin
🧠 Solution:
RBCs or erythrocytes of frog are oval, disc–like biconvex, have centrally placed nucleus and with haemoglobin. Usually in mammals (including human), RBCs are circular and non-nucleated except those of family–Camilladae (camels, llamas, etc), which have nucleated RBCs.
Q3269. In which one of the following, the genus name, its two characters and its phylum are not correctly matched, whereas the remaining three are correct?
✅ Correct Answer: Pila — (i) Body segmented; (ii) Mouth with radula — Mollusca
🧠 Solution:
Option (a) is incorrect because molluscs are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, soft-bodied animals with unsegmented bodies covered by a calcareous shell. Example: *Pila*, *Sepia*, *Pinctada*.
Q3308. In which one of the following the genus name, its two characters and its class/phylum are correctly matched?
✅ Correct Answer: Salamandra (i) A tympanum represents ear (ii) Fertilisation is external - Amphibia
🧠 Solution:
Salamandra (salamander) is a member of class–Amphibia. It has a tympanum representing the ear and fertilisation is external.
Q3304. What will you look for to identify the sex of the following?
✅ Correct Answer: Male shark– Claspers borne on pelvic fins
🧠 Solution:
A clasper is a male anatomical structure found in some groups of animals and used in mating. Male cartilaginous fish like shark have claspers formed from the posterior portion of their pelvic fin which serves as intermittent organs used to channel semen into the female’s cloaca during mating.
Q3303. Which one of the following groups of animals is correctly matched with its one characteristic feature without even a single exception?
✅ Correct Answer: Chondrichthyes–Possess cartilaginous endoskeleton
🧠 Solution:
The members of class–Chondrichthyes are marine animals with streamlined body and have cartilaginous endoskeleton. Chordata: These possess a notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, an endostyle and a post-anal tail for at least some period of their life cycle. Mammalia: These are a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles and birds by the possession of hair, three middle ear bones, mammary glands, and a neocortex. Reptilia: These are an evolutionary clade of animals, comprising today’s turtles, crocodilians, snakes, lizards and tuatara, their extinct relatives and some of the extinct ancestors of mammals.
Q3251. Which one of the following is the true description about an animal concerned?
✅ Correct Answer: Cockroach — 10 pairs of spiracles (2 pairs on thorax and 8 pairs on abdomen)
🧠 Solution:
The respiratory system of cockroach consists of 10 pairs of spiracles — 2 pairs on the thorax and 8 pairs on the abdomen. Two thoracic spiracles are between pro-mesothorax and meso-metathorax, while the abdominal pairs are on the first eight abdominal segments.
Q3248. Which one of the following have the highest number of species in nature?
✅ Correct Answer: Insects
🧠 Solution:
More than 70% of all recorded species are animals. Among animals, insects are the most species-rich taxonomic group, constituting over 70% of the total. It means out of every 10 animals on this planet, 7 are insects.
Q3227. One very special feature in the earthworm Pheretima is that
✅ Correct Answer: the typhlosole greatly increases the effective absorption area of the digested food in the intestine
🧠 Solution:
A pair of short and conical intestinal caecae project from the intestine on the 26th segment. The characteristic feature of the intestine between 26–35 segments is the presence of an internal median fold of dorsal wall called typhlosole. This increases the effective area of absorption in the intestine.
Q3187. Which one of the following statements about all the four – Spongilla, leech, dolphin and penguin – is correct?
✅ Correct Answer: Spongilla has special collared cells called choanocytes, not found in the remaining three
🧠 Solution:
Spongilla belongs to phylum – Porifera, in which choanocytes are the characteristic cells. These are absent in leech, dolphin and penguin. These distinctive cells line the interior body walls of sponges. These cells have a central flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. Choanocytes are versatile cells whose flagella beat to create water currents through the sponge, while their collars absorb nutrients.
Q3218. Which one of the following statements about certain given animals is correct?
✅ Correct Answer: Round worms (Aschelminthes) are pseudocoelomates
🧠 Solution:
Round worms (phylum–Aschelminthes) are pseudocoelomates; false coelom is derived from embryonic blastocoel. Flatworms (phylum–Platyhelminthes) are acoelomate animals. Molluscs and insects (phylum–Arthropoda) are coelomate animals.
Q3210. Which one of the following kinds of animals are triploblastic?
✅ Correct Answer: Flatworms
🧠 Solution:
Flatworms (phylum–Platyhelminthes) are triploblastic animals. The cells of the body wall are arranged in three layers, i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Sponges, ctenophores, and corals are diploblastic animals.
Q3209. One example of an animal having a single opening to the outside that serves both as mouth as well as anus is
✅ Correct Answer: Fasciola
🧠 Solution:
Fasciola hepatica (sheep liver fluke) belongs to phylum–Platyhelminthes. These worms have incomplete alimentary canal, with a single opening for both ingestion and egestion. This is called a blind sac body plan.
Q3305. Which one of the following pairs of animal comprises 'jawless fishes'?
✅ Correct Answer: Lampreys and hag fishes
🧠 Solution:
Lampreys and Myxine (hag fish) belong to the class—Cyclostomata, group–Agnatha of Vertebrata. Agnatha have mouth without jaws. In these, mouth is ventral, suctorial and circular.
Q3228. If a live earthworm is pricked with a needle on its outer surface without damaging its gut, the fluid that comes out is
✅ Correct Answer: coelomic fluid
🧠 Solution:
The body cavity of earthworm is true coelom (schizocoel) as it is formed by the division of mesoderm. The coelom is filled with milky, alkaline coelomic fluid, which contains different types of corpuscles. Thus, if a live earthworm is pricked with a needle on its outer surface, the coelomic fluid will come out.
Q3219. Which one of the following groups of animals is bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic?
✅ Correct Answer: Aschelminthes (Roundworms)
🧠 Solution:
Aschelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic animals, e.g., Ascaris.
Coelenterates are radially symmetrical and diploblastic animals, e.g., Obelia.
Ctenophores are radially symmetrical and diploblastic animals, e.g., Ctenoplana.
Sponges are asymmetrical or radially symmetrical and diploblastic animals, e.g., Sycon.
Q3330. Which one of the following in birds, indicates their reptilian ancestry?
✅ Correct Answer: Eggs with a calcareous shell
🧠 Solution:
Nearly a century ago TH Huxley called birds ‘glorified reptiles’ thereby meaning that birds have evolved from some reptilian ancestor. Both birds and reptiles lay the same type of eggs, which are deposited outside water. Eggs are large and telolecithal. The ovum is surrounded by albumen, an egg membrane and a thick hard calcareous shell, which are all secreted by special glands located in the walls of oviduct. Like mammals birds also have complete four chambered heart with double circulation, in which there is no mixing of pure and impure bloods. Whereas, the ventricle is imperfectly divided in reptiles, resulting in partial mixing of blood.
Q3319. Which one of the following in birds, indicates their reptilian ancestry?
✅ Correct Answer: Eggs with a calcareous shell
🧠 Solution:
Nearly a century ago TH Huxley called birds ‘glorified reptiles’ thereby meaning that birds have evolved from some reptilian ancestor. Both birds and reptiles lay the same type of eggs, which are deposited outside water. Eggs are large and telolecithal. The ovum is surrounded by albumen, an egg membrane and a thick hard calcareous shell, which are all secreted by special glands located in the walls of oviduct. Like mammals birds also have complete four chambered heart with double circulation, in which there is no mixing of pure and impure bloods. Whereas, the ventricle is imperfectly divided in reptiles, resulting in partial mixing of blood.
Q3252. Which one of the following phyla is correctly matched with its two general characteristics?
✅ Correct Answer: Arthropoda — Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen; respiration by tracheae
🧠 Solution:
Arthropoda is the largest phylum of the animal kingdom. Body is divisible into head, thorax, and abdomen (sometimes cephalothorax). Respiration occurs by body surface, gills, tracheae, or book lungs. Molluscs are dioecious or monoecious; fertilisation can be internal or external. Echinoderms exhibit pentamerous radial symmetry with external fertilisation. Chordates are characterised by the presence of notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, and pharyngeal gill slits.
Q3250. Which one of the following groups of three animals each is correctly matched with their one characteristic morphological feature?
✅ Correct Answer: Scorpion, spider, cockroach — Ventral solid central nervous system
🧠 Solution:
Characteristic features: Bilateral symmetry — Liver fluke, Taenia; Jointed appendages — Prawn, cockroach, scorpion; Ventral solid central nervous system — Scorpion, spider, cockroach.
Q3249. Which of the following is correctly stated as it happens in the common cockroach?
✅ Correct Answer: The food is ground by mandibles and gizzard
🧠 Solution:
In cockroach, mandibles are hard, strong, dark-coloured triangular structures that move horizontally and crush food between them. The gizzard (proventriculus) has an inner thick cuticle forming six chitinous teeth that grind food particles.
Q3230. Earthworms have no skeleton but during burrowing, the anterior end becomes turgid and acts as a hydraulic skeleton. It is due to
✅ Correct Answer: coelomic fluid
🧠 Solution:
The body cavity (coelom) of earthworm is filled with an alkaline, colourless or milky coelomic fluid containing water, salts, some proteins and four types of coelomic corpuscles, i.e., phagocytes, mucocytes, circular nucleated cells and chloragogen cells. During burrowing, the coelomic fluid becomes turgid and acts as a hydraulic skeleton.
Q3229. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of phylum–Annelida?
✅ Correct Answer: Pseudocoelom
🧠 Solution:
The name of the phylum–Annelida was first coined by Lamarck. The body of annelids is elongated, bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, truly coelomate and metamerically segmented into similar metameres. The coelom is true, schizocoelous. Blood vascular system is closed. The nervous system has a pair of cerebral ganglia and a double ventral nerve cord bearing ganglia and lateral nerves in each segment. Pseudocoelom is the body cavity of Aschelminthes (roundworms).
Q3220. Ascaris is characterised by
✅ Correct Answer: presence of neither true coelom nor metamerism
🧠 Solution:
Ascaris is an endoparasite of man. It inhabits the small intestine more frequently in children than adults. The body is elongate, cylindrical, and gradually tapering at both ends. There is no metameric segmentation.
In Ascaris, between body wall and visceral organs is a spacious fluid-filled cavity. This cavity is not a true coelom, as it is not lined by coelomic epithelium, has no relation with reproductive and excretory organs, and develops from blastocoel. This body cavity is referred to as pseudocoel.
Q3345. What is common between parrot, platypus and kangaroo?
✅ Correct Answer: Homeothermy
🧠 Solution:
Parrot (birds), platypus and kangaroo (both mammal) are homeothermic animals.
Q3326.
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
(i) Crocodile — Four-chambered heart
(ii) Sea urchin — Parapodia
(iii) Obelia — Metagenesis
(iv) Lemur — Thecodont
✅ Correct Answer:
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
🧠 Solution:
Exceptionally, crocodile has four-chambered heart. In Obelia the alternation of generation is called metagenesis in which an asexual polypoid generation appears to alternate regularly with a sexual medusoid generation. Thecodont dentition is found in mammals.
Q3315.
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
(i) Crocodile — Four-chambered heart
(ii) Sea urchin — Parapodia
(iii) Obelia — Metagenesis
(iv) Lemur — Thecodont
✅ Correct Answer:
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
🧠 Solution:
Exceptionally, crocodile has four-chambered heart. In Obelia the alternation of generation is called metagenesis in which an asexual polypoid generation appears to alternate regularly with a sexual medusoid generation. Thecodont dentition is found in mammals.
Q3254. What is true about Nereis, scorpion, cockroach and silver fish?
✅ Correct Answer: None of them is aquatic
🧠 Solution:
Nereis lives in burrows in sand or mud, often with clams. Scorpions are abundant in deserts. Cockroaches are found in warm, damp places with organic food. Lepisma (silver fish) resides in damp, cool places and feeds on starch or starchy matter.
Q3231. Which one of the following is correct matching pair of a body feature and the animal possessing it?
✅ Correct Answer: Ventral central nervous system — Leech
🧠 Solution:
The nervous system of leech consists of ventral central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and sympathetic nervous system.
Q3346. In which one of the following sets of animals do all the four give birth to young ones?
✅ Correct Answer: Kangaroo, hedgehog, dolphin, loris
🧠 Solution:
Kangaroo, hedgehog, dolphin and loris are all mammals. These give birth to young ones.
Q3270. Which one of the following is a matching set of phylum and its three examples?
✅ Correct Answer: Mollusca — Loligo, Teredo, Octopus
🧠 Solution:
*Loligo*, *Teredo*, and *Octopus* are members of Mollusca. *Loligo* (squid) is a fast-swimming marine carnivore, *Octopus* (devil fish) lives at the sea bottom, and *Teredo* (shipworm) is a marine bivalve that bores into wood.
Q3253. Two common characters found in centipede, cockroach and crab are
✅ Correct Answer: jointed legs and chitinous exoskeleton
🧠 Solution:
Crab, centipede and cockroach belong to phylum–Arthropoda. These have jointed appendages and a chitinous exoskeleton.
Q3205. Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are the characteristics of
✅ Correct Answer: Ctenoplana and Beroe
🧠 Solution:
Ctenoplana and Beroe lack cnidoblasts and have biradial symmetry. These belong to phylum Ctenophora. Hydra, sea anemone and Aurelia are coelenterates which possess cnidoblasts, though sea anemone has biradial symmetry.
Q3347. Which one of the following characters is not typical of the class–Mammalia?
✅ Correct Answer: Ten pairs of cranial nerves
🧠 Solution:
Ten pairs of cranial nerves are not common in mammals but common in frog. In mammals 12 pairs of cranial nerves are found.
Q3255. From the following statements select the wrong one.
✅ Correct Answer: Prawn has two pairs of antennae
🧠 Solution:
Prawn does not have two pairs of antennae; instead, it has one pair of antennae and one pair of antennules.
Q3348. A terrestrial animal must be able to
✅ Correct Answer: conserve water
🧠 Solution:
Since, terrestrial animals do not have automatic access to either fresh or salt water, they must regulate water content in other ways, balancing off gains and losses.
Q3320. The presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that
✅ Correct Answer: frogs evolved from gilled ancestors
🧠 Solution:
According to biogenetic law of Ernst Haeckel (1860) Ontogeny repeats Phylogeny. Ontogeny is the life history of an organism, while phylogeny is the evolutionary history of the race of that organism. In other words we can say ‘an organism repeats its ancestral history during its development’. Hence, resemblance of Amphibia to fish is seen in most systems of the body, both are cold-blooded, both respire by gills (as tadpole of frog), both usually lay eggs in water leading to the conclusion that amphibians have originated from fishes.
Q3309. The presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that
✅ Correct Answer: frogs evolved from gilled ancestors
🧠 Solution:
According to biogenetic law of Ernst Haeckel (1860) Ontogeny repeats Phylogeny. Ontogeny is the life history of an organism, while phylogeny is the evolutionary history of the race of that organism. In other words we can say ‘an organism repeats its ancestral history during its development’. Hence, resemblance of Amphibia to fish is seen in most systems of the body, both are cold-blooded, both respire by gills (as tadpole of frog), both usually lay eggs in water leading to the conclusion that amphibians have originated from fishes.
Q3275. The animal with bilateral symmetry in young stage and radial pentamerous symmetry in the adult stage belongs to the phylum
✅ Correct Answer: Echinodermata
🧠 Solution:
Echinoderms are triploblastic animals with organ-system level of organisation. Larval forms possess bilateral symmetry while adults have radial symmetry.
Q3256. In Arthropoda, head and thorax are often fused to form cephalothorax, but in which one of the following classes is the body divided into head, thorax and abdomen?
✅ Correct Answer: Insecta
🧠 Solution:
In class–Insecta, the body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen. In some arthropods, the head and thorax fuse to form a cephalothorax.
Q3349. Given below are four matchings of an animal and its kind of respiratory organ
✅ Correct Answer: (iv) dolphin — skin
🧠 Solution:
Dolphins are mammals which respire by lungs, which are situated next to the heart in the thorax cavity. Correct matchings are (i), (ii) and (iii).
Q3211. During its life cycle, Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) infects its intermediate host and primary host at the following larval stages respectively:
✅ Correct Answer: miracidium and metacercaria
🧠 Solution:
Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) is a ‘digenetic’ endoparasite, i.e., its life cycle completes within two hosts. The primary host is sheep, and the secondary or intermediate host is a freshwater gastropod snail.
Fasciola hepatica infects its intermediate host at the miracidium stage and its primary host at the metacercaria stage.
Q3188. Sycon belongs to a group of animals which are best described as
✅ Correct Answer: multicellular without any tissue organisation
🧠 Solution:
Sycon belongs to phylum – Porifera, which are multicellular animals without true tissue organisation. Their bodies show only a cellular level of organisation and represent the sub-kingdom Parazoa.
Q3288. In which of the following notochord is present in embryonic stage?
✅ Correct Answer: All chordates
🧠 Solution:
Notochord is the primary axial supportive structure present in all chordate embryos as well as in many adults. In a vast majority, it is replaced by vertebral column in adults. Vertebrates come under the category of chordates. Non-chordates do not contain notochord.
Q3196. In which animal nerve cell is present but brain is absent?
✅ Correct Answer: Hydra
🧠 Solution:
The neurons of Hydra synapse with each other and other body cells. As a result, it responds to external stimuli. However, there is no brain in Hydra to coordinate the responses.
Q3327. In which of the following animal, post-anal tail is found?
✅ Correct Answer: Snake
🧠 Solution:
In snakes, post-anal tail is found. Snakes belong to class—Reptilia. Jurassic period (Mesozoic era) is known as Golden age of reptiles. The study of snake is known as serpentology.
Q3316. In which of the following animal, post-anal tail is found?
✅ Correct Answer: Snake
🧠 Solution:
In snakes, post-anal tail is found. Snakes belong to class—Reptilia. Jurassic period (Mesozoic era) is known as Golden age of reptiles. The study of snake is known as serpentology.
Q3232. In which of the following chlorocruorin pigment is found?
✅ Correct Answer: Annelida
🧠 Solution:
Chlorocruorin is a respiratory pigment (green, fluorescing red) dissolved in the plasma of some polychaete worms (annelid).
Q3197. In Hydra, waste material of food digestion and nitrogenous waste material are removed from
✅ Correct Answer: mouth and body wall
🧠 Solution:
In Hydra, undigested residues are egested from coelentron through mouth, while nitrogenous excretory product (ammonia) is removed through general body surface. Hydra are solitary, sessile, freshwater coelenterates found in lakes and ponds. Hydra is an ammonotelic animal, i.e., it excretes waste material in the form of ammonia.
Q3221. What is common between Ascaris lumbricoides and Anopheles stephensi?
✅ Correct Answer: Sexual dimorphism
🧠 Solution:
Both Ascaris lumbricoides and Anopheles stephensi have different males and females, and it is possible to distinguish between them morphologically. Hence, they exhibit sexual dimorphism.
Q3331. Which of the following is not found in birds?
✅ Correct Answer: Fore limb
🧠 Solution:
Fore limbs of birds are modified into wings.
Q3189. The canal system is a characteristic feature of
✅ Correct Answer: sponges
🧠 Solution:
Sponges possess an extensive system of interconnected cavities called canal system, which consists of incurrent canals, radial canals, excurrent canals and spongocoel. The system is useful for nutrition, respiration and excretion. The body wall of a sponge consists of three layers: pinacoderm, choanoderm and mesohyll. Choanoderm is the inner cellular layer consisting of flagellated choanocytes whose beating creates the water current.
Q3332. The long bones are hollow and connected by air passage. They are the characteristics of
✅ Correct Answer: Aves
🧠 Solution:
The bones of birds are pneumatic (i.e. they have air cavities) to reduce weight which help them in flying.
Q3198. Most appropriate term to describe the life cycle of Obelia is
✅ Correct Answer: metagenesis
🧠 Solution:
True alternation of generations is alternation between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte phases. In Obelia, the asexual polypoid phase alternates with the sexual medusoid phase, and this type of life cycle is called metagenesis.
Neoteny (juvenilisation) is one of the two ways by which paedomorphism can arise. Paedomorphism is the retention by adults of traits previously seen only in young forms. Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving an abrupt change in body structure through cell growth and differentiation (e.g., in some insects and molluscs).
Q3262. Which of the following features is common among silver fish, scorpion, crab and honeybee?
✅ Correct Answer: Jointed appendages
🧠 Solution:
The main characteristics of phylum–Arthropoda include jointed appendages, bilateral symmetry, cuticular exoskeleton, a complex muscular system, open circulatory system, paired excretory glands (coxal, antennal or maxillary), and a ventral nerve cord connected to a dorsal brain.
Q3257. Which one of the following is correct matching pair of an animal and a certain phenomenon it exhibits?
✅ Correct Answer: Musca — Complete metamorphosis
🧠 Solution:
The young forms of housefly (maggot and pupa) are entirely different from the adult; metamorphosis is complete (holometabolic metamorphosis).
Q3336. The flightless bird cassowary is found in
✅ Correct Answer: Australia
🧠 Solution:
Cassowary (Casuarius) is found in Australia and New Guinea.
Q3335. Pneumatic bones are expected to be found in
✅ Correct Answer: pigeon
🧠 Solution:
In birds like pigeon bones are pneumatic or hollow and have no marrow, thus helps in reducing the body weight.
Q3306. Which one of the following is an exotic Indian fish?
✅ Correct Answer: Cyprinus caprio
🧠 Solution:
Cyprinus caprio is the exotic breed. It is also known as common carp. It is a widespread fresh water fish of eutrophic water lakes and rivers in Europe and Asia.
Q3276. Radial symmetry is usually associated with
✅ Correct Answer: lower grade of organisation
🧠 Solution:
In radial symmetry body is in the form of flat or tall cylinder and can be divided into similar halves by more than two planes passing through one main axis. It is found in some sponges, hydras, jellyfish, sea urchin, etc.
Q3234. True coelom is the space lying between the alimentary canal and body wall enclosed by the layers of
✅ Correct Answer: mesoderm
🧠 Solution:
Coeloms are secondary body cavities bounded on all sides by mesodermal peritoneum. The true coelom arises within the mesoderm itself.
Q3233. Function wise, just as there are nephridia in an earthworm, so are
✅ Correct Answer: flame cells in liver fluke
🧠 Solution:
Flame cells in liver fluke are excretory organs just as nephridia are in an earthworm.
Q3191. What is true about all sponges without exception?
✅ Correct Answer: They have flagellated collar cells
🧠 Solution:
Sponges are all aquatic—mostly marine, though some freshwater forms exist. Choanocytes or collar cells are unique to sponges and are responsible for creating water currents and filtering food particles. Skeleton may be of spicules or spongin, and reproduction can be both sexual and asexual.
Q3289. Besides Annelida and Arthropoda, the metamerism is exhibited by
✅ Correct Answer: Chordata
🧠 Solution:
Chordates also exhibit metameric segmentation. This is because of repetition of homologous structures along the length of an animal.
Q3277. The organisms attached to the substratum generally possess
✅ Correct Answer: radial symmetry
🧠 Solution:
The organisms attached to the substratum generally possess radial symmetry.
Q3291. All chordates possess
✅ Correct Answer: axial skeletal rod of notochord
🧠 Solution:
Phylum—Chordata was created by Balfour in 1880. This refers to the presence of a soft, supporting rod-like structure along the back called ‘notochord’.
Q3290. A common characteristic of all vertebrates is
✅ Correct Answer: presence of skull
🧠 Solution:
Vertebrates have well-developed cranium (skull), hence, they are also called as Craniata.
Q3279. Tube feet occur in
✅ Correct Answer: starfish
🧠 Solution:
In starfish, locomotion takes place by external tube feet, connected with water vascular system.
Q3278. Radial symmetry is often exhibited by animals having
✅ Correct Answer: aquatic mode of living
🧠 Solution:
Radial animals are usually sessile, freely floating or weakly swimming.
Q3271. Closed circulatory system occurs in
✅ Correct Answer: cuttle fish
🧠 Solution:
Closed circulatory system occurs in cuttle fish (*Sepia*). Cephalopods are the only molluscs with a closed circulatory system having two gill hearts and one systemic heart.
Q3235. Coelom derived from blastocoel is known as
✅ Correct Answer: pseudocoelom
🧠 Solution:
Coelom derived from blastocoel is pseudocoelom. These are cavities not entirely lined by peritoneum (thin cellular membrane derived from mesoderm). Embryologically pseudocoel may be a persistent blastocoel. Such type of coelom is found in Nematohelminthes.
Q3212. Which one belongs to Platyhelminthes?
✅ Correct Answer: Schistosoma
🧠 Solution:
Schistosoma is the common human blood fluke and belongs to Platyhelminthes. It is a genus of trematodes.
It is a parasitic flatworm responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed Schistosomiasis.
Q3200. Special character of coelenterates is
✅ Correct Answer: nematocysts
🧠 Solution:
The most characteristic feature of coelenterates is the presence of nematocysts or stinging cells. Nematocysts are mainly concerned with food capture, defence, and attachment.
Q3199. Point out a non-parasite
✅ Correct Answer: sea anemone
🧠 Solution:
Sea anemone is a coelenterate found in marine water, attached to the empty shell of gastropods already occupied by hermit crab. This association is symbiosis, not parasitism. Tapeworm, mosquito, and leech are parasites.
Q3351. What is common in whale, bat and rat?
✅ Correct Answer: Muscular diaphragm between thorax and abdomen
🧠 Solution:
The presence of diaphragm is a characteristic feature of mammals, diaphragm acts as a separater between thorax and abdomen. Whale, bat and rat all are mammals and have diaphragm.
Q3353. The cervical vertebrae in humans is
✅ Correct Answer: same as in whale
🧠 Solution:
The number of cervical vertebrae is constant, i.e. 7 in number in all mammals except sea cow and sloth. So, the cervical vertebrae in humans is same as in whale.
Q3352. Gorilla, chimpanzee, monkeys and human belong to the same
✅ Correct Answer: order
🧠 Solution:
Gorilla, chimpanzee, monkeys and humans these all belong to same order—Primata of class—Mammalia.
Q3350. Trachea of cockroach and mammals are similar in having
✅ Correct Answer: non-collapsible walls
🧠 Solution:
The trachea of cockroach and mammals is lined with spiral thickening of cuticle called intina which prevents the tracheal tubes from collapsing.
Q3337. What is common between ostrich, penguin and kiwi?
✅ Correct Answer: Flightless birds
🧠 Solution:
Ostrich (Struthio), penguin (Aptenodytes) and kiwi (Apteryx) all are flightless birds.
Q3321. Mucus helps frog in forming
✅ Correct Answer: moist skin
🧠 Solution:
Mucus helps frog in keeping the skin moist that helps in cutaneous respiration when the frog is in hibernation or estivation.
Q3310. Mucus helps frog in forming
✅ Correct Answer: moist skin
🧠 Solution:
Mucus helps frog in keeping the skin moist that helps in cutaneous respiration when the frog is in hibernation or estivation.
Q3292. All vertebrates possess
✅ Correct Answer: dorsal, hollow, central nervous system
🧠 Solution:
Dorsal, hollow, central nervous system is present in all vertebrates.
Q3258. A larval stage occurs in the life history of all members of which group?
✅ Correct Answer: Butterfly, frog and mosquito
🧠 Solution:
Butterfly has caterpillar, frog has tadpole, and mosquito has wriggler larvae in their life cycle. Lizard, cockroach, Ascaris, and earthworm show direct development.
Q3236. Which one assists in locomotion?
✅ Correct Answer: Posterior sucker in Hirudinaria
🧠 Solution:
In Hirudinaria, locomotion takes place by looping and swimming in which its posterior suckers provide help as setae are not present for locomotion.
Q3213. What is true about Taenia saginata?
✅ Correct Answer: Rostellar hooks are absent
🧠 Solution:
Taenia saginata does not possess rostellum and rostellar hooks.
Q3202. Budding is a normal mode of asexual reproduction in
✅ Correct Answer: Hydra and sponges
🧠 Solution:
Hydra and sponges reproduce asexually by exogenous budding, a type of vegetative propagation.
Q3201. Which one of the following animals possesses nerve cells but no nerves?
✅ Correct Answer: Hydra
🧠 Solution:
Hydra has nerve cells but no nerves. Hydra possesses a very primitive nervous system consisting of a synaptic network of bipolar and multipolar nerve cells.
Q3354. A egg-laying mammal is
✅ Correct Answer: platypus
🧠 Solution:
Egg laying mammals are primitive mammals classified under sub-class–Prototheria. These are oviparous, reptile-like mammals, confined to Australian region. Ornithorhynchus, (duck billed platypus) is found in Australia and New Zealand.
Q3322. Bullfrog of India is
✅ Correct Answer: Rana tigrina
🧠 Solution:
Indian bull frog is Rana tigrina.
Q3311. Bullfrog of India is
✅ Correct Answer: Rana tigrina
🧠 Solution:
Indian bull frog is Rana tigrina.
Q3281. Starfish belong to
✅ Correct Answer: Asteroidea
🧠 Solution:
Starfish belongs to class—Asteroidea.
Q3280. Aristotle’s lantern occurs in class
✅ Correct Answer: Echinoidea
🧠 Solution:
A biting or masticatory apparatus or 'Aristotle’s lantern' is present in the members of class—Echinoidea.
Q3272. Eye of the molluscan group that resembles vertebrate eye is
✅ Correct Answer: Cephalopoda
🧠 Solution:
Cephalopoda (e.g., *Octopus*, *Loligo*, *Sepia*) contains the most specialised molluscs with well-developed eyes that closely resemble vertebrate eyes.
Q3259. Adult Culex and Anopheles can be distinguished with the help of
✅ Correct Answer: sitting posture
🧠 Solution:
The body of Anopheles mosquito makes an angle of 45° while sitting, whereas the body of Culex mosquito lies parallel to the surface.
Q3222. Ascaris larva is called
✅ Correct Answer: rhabditiform
🧠 Solution:
Ascaris larva is called rhabditoid or rhabditiform due to its close resemblance with Rhabditis.
Q3214. What is correct about Taenia?
✅ Correct Answer: Mature proglottids contain both male and female organs
🧠 Solution:
The body of Taenia is divided into scolex, neck, and strobila. Strobila is the main body made up of proglottids.
A proglottid is a unit of the body enclosing a complete set of genitalia. Mature proglottids are in the middle region, having both male and female reproductive organs.
Q3192.
The simplest type of canal system in Porifera is
✅ Correct Answer:
ascon type
🧠 Solution:
The simplest type of canal system in Porifera is the ascon type. Water enters through ostia into the spongocoel lined with flagellated collar cells and exits through a single osculum.
Q3355. Kidney of adult rabbit is
✅ Correct Answer: metanephros
🧠 Solution:
Kidney of adult rabbit is metanephros which is divided into cortex and medulla and its duct is useless. This is most advanced type of kidney found in man and rabbit.
Q3282. Which one occurs in Echinodermata?
✅ Correct Answer: Radial symmetry
🧠 Solution:
Echinoderms are triploblastic and radially symmetrical but their larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.
Q3263. An insect regarded as greatest mechanical carrier of diseases is
✅ Correct Answer: Musca
🧠 Solution:
Musca (house fly) is the carrier of many diseases such as anthrax, trachoma, diarrhoea, tuberculosis, leprosy, gangrene, plague, gonorrhoea, typhoid, cholera and dysentery.
Q3261. Metamorphosis of insects is regulated through hormone
✅ Correct Answer: ecdysone
🧠 Solution:
Metamorphosis is regulated by the hormone ecdysone, secreted by the prothoracic glands. This hormone was isolated in crystalline form in 1954 by Butenandt and Karlson.
Q3260. Male and female cockroaches can be distinguished externally through
✅ Correct Answer: anal styles in male
🧠 Solution:
Anal styles, a pair of small, spine–like unjointed structures, are present on the sternite of the 9th segment in males only.
Q3223. Ascaris lumbricoides infection occurs through
✅ Correct Answer: contaminated cooked measly pork
🧠 Solution:
The transmission of infective stage through embryonated egg of Ascaris lumbricoides takes place by contaminated cooked measly pork and contaminated water.
Q3215. The excretory structures of flatworms / Taenia are
✅ Correct Answer: flame cells
🧠 Solution:
Excretory structures of flatworms / Taenia are flame cells. Longitudinal and cross-connecting excretory canals drain fluid from flame cells in each proglottid. Main excretory products are ammonia and fatty acids.
Q3193. Classification of Porifera is based on
✅ Correct Answer: spicules
🧠 Solution:
Classification of sponges is primarily based on the type and composition of skeleton (spicules). The presence and form of spicules are diagnostic characteristics of different classes of Porifera.
Q3323. Skin is a respiratory organ in
✅ Correct Answer: frog
🧠 Solution:
Frog is an amphibian and its skin is well adapted or in other words acts as a secondary respiratory organ when it is in water.
Q3312. Skin is a respiratory organ in
✅ Correct Answer: frog
🧠 Solution:
Frog is an amphibian and its skin is well adapted or in other words acts as a secondary respiratory organ when it is in water.
Q3293. Penguin occurs in
✅ Correct Answer: Antarctica
🧠 Solution:
Penguins are found in Antarctica (South pole). They have paddle like wings and cannot fly. Penguins are marine and lay eggs in ice.
Q3266. Kala-azar and oriental sore are spread by
✅ Correct Answer: sand fly
🧠 Solution:
Kala-azar and oriental sore are caused by *Leishmania*. It is digenetic, and the intermediate host is the sand fly (*Phlebotomus*). *Leishmania donovani* causes kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis), also called Dum-Dum fever, affecting the spleen and liver.
Q3265. Malpighian tubules are
✅ Correct Answer: excretory organs of insects
🧠 Solution:
Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs of insects. These are unbranched tubules lying freely in the haemocoel and open into the alimentary canal. Their main function is to absorb nitrogenous waste products.
Q3264. Ecdysis is shedding of
✅ Correct Answer: stratum corneum
🧠 Solution:
Ecdysis is the removal of the outermost partially cornified layer of stratum corneum, which is then replaced by the cells formed by stratum germinativum.
Q3238. Pheretima posthuma is highly useful as
✅ Correct Answer: they make the soil porous, leave their castings and take organic debris in the soil
🧠 Solution:
Pheretima posthuma is useful for farmers as they enrich the soil by their excretory wastes and make the soil porous.
Q3237. Blood of Pheretima is
✅ Correct Answer: red with haemoglobin in plasma
🧠 Solution:
Blood of Pheretima is red in colour and the respiratory pigment haemoglobin is dissolved in blood plasma.
Q3307. Fish which can be used in biological control of mosquitoes/larvicidal fish is
✅ Correct Answer: Gambusia
🧠 Solution:
Gambusia (mosquito fish) eats the larvae of mosquito, so it is used in biological control of mosquito.
Q3217. Transfer of Taenia to secondary host occurs as
✅ Correct Answer: oncosphere
🧠 Solution:
Oncospheres pass through faecal matter of man. The secondary host pig acquires infection by ingesting the oncospheres.
Q3216. Bladderworm / Cysticercus is the larval stage of
✅ Correct Answer: tapeworm
🧠 Solution:
Bladderworm / Cysticercus is the larval stage of tapeworm. It is found in the muscles of pig, and this is the stage through which man gets infected by eating raw or poorly cooked ‘measly pork’.
Q3356. Eutherians are characterised by
✅ Correct Answer: true placentation
🧠 Solution:
Infraclass—Eutheria includes viviparous placental mammals. They give birth to young ones, which gets nourishment through placenta inside the body of its mother.
Q3340. Wishbone of birds is formed from
✅ Correct Answer: pectoral girdle/clavicles
🧠 Solution:
Both clavicles and a single interclavicle fused to form a V-shaped bone called furcula or wish bone or merry-thought bone.
Q3339. Flight muscles of bird are attached to
✅ Correct Answer: keel of sternum
🧠 Solution:
Sternum of birds is large, usually with a vertical, mid neutral keel which provides attachment of flight muscles.
Q3294. A chordate character is
✅ Correct Answer: post-anal tail
🧠 Solution:
Presence of post-anal tail is one of the characters of chordate.
Q3240. Photoreceptors of earthworm occur on
✅ Correct Answer: dorsal surface
🧠 Solution:
Photoreceptors (with L-shaped lens or optic organelles) are present on the surface of the skin on the dorsal side. Earthworm has no eyes; photoreceptors are used to judge intensity and duration of light, but do not have the capacity of vision.
Q3239. Earthworms are
✅ Correct Answer: useful
🧠 Solution:
Earthworms are friends of farmers because they enrich the soil by nephridial excretion which increases fertility. They also help in ploughing the fields and make the soil porous. Earthworms are also used for dissection in laboratories.
Q3203. Jellyfish belongs to class
✅ Correct Answer: Scyphozoa
🧠 Solution:
Aurelia (jellyfish) belongs to class Scyphozoa of phylum Cnidaria. It lacks a skeleton.
Q3357. Hair occurs in all mammals except those of
✅ Correct Answer: Cetacea
🧠 Solution:
Order—Cetacea of mammals consists of aquatic mammals in which hairs are present only on snout, e.g. porpoise, killer whale, dolphin, blue whale, sperm whale, etc.
Q3341. Both male and female pigeons secrete milk through
✅ Correct Answer: crop
🧠 Solution:
Both male and female pigeon secrete milk through crop during breeding season.
Q3334. Bird vertebrae are
✅ Correct Answer: heterocoelous
🧠 Solution:
Bird vertebrae are heterocoelous or saddle shaped.
Q3333. Feet of kingfisher are modified for
✅ Correct Answer: wading
🧠 Solution:
Kingfisher is fish-eating bird and its feet are modified for wading. It is grouped into order–Coraciifermers, which comes in family–Alcedinidae.
Q3325. Fire bellied toad is
✅ Correct Answer: Bombinator
🧠 Solution:
Fire bellied toad is Bombinator and this is an Anuran.
Q3324. Which is not a true amphibian animal?
✅ Correct Answer: Tortoise
🧠 Solution:
Tortoise is a reptile of sub–class—Anapsida and order—Chetomia or Testudinata.
Q3314. Fire bellied toad is
✅ Correct Answer: Bombinator
🧠 Solution:
Fire bellied toad is Bombinator and this is an Anuran.
Q3313. Which is not a true amphibian animal?
✅ Correct Answer: Tortoise
🧠 Solution:
Tortoise is a reptile of sub–class—Anapsida and order—Chetomia or Testudinata.
Q3296. Typhlosis is
✅ Correct Answer: blind snake
🧠 Solution:
Typhlosis is blind snake and it is non-poisonous.
Q3295. Necturus is
✅ Correct Answer: mud puppy
🧠 Solution:
Common name of Necturus is mud puppy. This comes under order–Urodela.
Q3267. Silk thread is obtained from silk moth during
✅ Correct Answer: pupal stage
🧠 Solution:
Caterpillars feed on mulberry leaves, and their salivary glands secrete liquid silk. Silk is obtained from the pupa (chrysalis). Ripe cocoons are boiled to kill the moth before hatching.
Q3204. Organ pipe coral is
✅ Correct Answer: Tubipora
🧠 Solution:
Organ pipe coral is the common name of Tubipora. This is a coelenterate belonging to class Anthozoa.