NEET / Biology / Morphology of Flowering Plants
← Back Test Your Knowledge → 📝 Generate Question PaperQ3590. The body of the ovule is fused with the funicle at
✅ Correct Answer: hilum
🧠 Solution:
The attachment point of funicle and ovule body is called hilum. It is generally present as an eye-like scar at the seed base.
Q3519. The ovary is half inferior in
✅ Correct Answer: plum
🧠 Solution:
In plum, ovary is half inferior (perigynous), with ovary top-wise and other whorls at the same level.
Q3518.
Ray florets have
✅ Correct Answer:
inferior ovary
🧠 Solution:
Ray florets have inferior ovary as epigynous flowers have an inferior ovary with the flattened thalamus as seen in the ray florets of sunflowers. In epigynous flowers,all the floral parts are present above the gynoecium.Ovary has beencoveredcompletely by thalamus,e.g.guava,apple,sunflower.
Q3495. The roots that originate from the base of the stem are
✅ Correct Answer: fibrous roots
🧠 Solution:
The roots originating from the base of the stem are fibrous roots. In a fibrous root system, the primary root stops growing and becomes rudimentary, while new roots develop for anchorage and absorption from the base of the stem.
Q3494. Identify the incorrect statement about sapwood and heartwood.
✅ Correct Answer: Sapwood is the innermost secondary xylem and is lighter in colour
🧠 Solution:
Statement in option (b) is incorrect. Sapwood is actually the outermost secondary xylem and is lighter in colour. Its cell walls are not lignified and there is no deposition of organic compounds. Sapwood is involved in the conduction of water and minerals from root to leaf.
Q3522. Match the placental types (Column I) with their examples (Column II)
✅ Correct Answer: Basal-Sunflower, Axile-China rose, Parietal-Mustard, Free-central-Dianthus
🧠 Solution:
Correct matches: Basal-Sunflower, Axile-China rose, Parietal-Mustard, Free-central-Dianthus.
Q3521. Bicarpellary ovary with obliquely placed septum is seen in
✅ Correct Answer: Solanum
🧠 Solution:
Solanum (family Solanaceae) has bicarpellary ovary with obliquely placed septum. Brassica has bicarpellary ovary with false septum, Sesbania has monocarpellary ovary, and Aloe shows tricarpellary ovary.
Q3512. Which of the following shows whorled phyllotaxy?
✅ Correct Answer: Alstonia
🧠 Solution:
Alstonia shows whorled phyllotaxy. In whorled phyllotaxy, more than two leaves arise at a node forming a whorl. Mustard and China rose show alternate phyllotaxy, while Calotropis shows opposite phyllotaxy.
Q3606.
Which of the following is the correct floral formula of Liliaceae?
✅ Correct Answer:
🧠 Solution:
Floral formula of Liliaceae represents bracteate, actinomorphic, bisexual flowers with 6 tepals, 6 epitepalous stamens, superior ovary with three-lobed stigma.
Q3568. Identify the correct features of mango and coconut fruits.
✅ Correct Answer: (i), (iii) and (iv)
🧠 Solution:
Both mango and coconut are drupes (stone fruits) developing from monocarpellary ovary. Coconut mesocarp is fibrous, mango mesocarp is fleshy. Statements (i), (iii), and (iv) are correct; (ii) is incorrect.
Q3517. Correct position of floral parts over thalamus in mustard plant is
✅ Correct Answer: Gynoecium occupies the highest position, while the other parts are below it
🧠 Solution:
Mustard flower is hypogynous. The gynoecium occupies the highest position on the thalamus while other parts are situated below. The ovary is superior.
Q3511. Large, empty colourless cells of the adaxial epidermis along the veins of grass leaves are
✅ Correct Answer: bulliform cells
🧠 Solution:
Grass leaves are isobilateral monocot leaves. The adaxial epidermis contains groups of larger, thin-walled, colourless cells called bulliform cells, which store water and become flaccid under water deficiency.
Q3591. Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as
✅ Correct Answer: perisperm
🧠 Solution:
Persistent nucellus retained in seeds is called perisperm. Examples: black pepper, beet.
Q3520. Placentation in which ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or in peripheral part is
✅ Correct Answer: parietal
🧠 Solution:
In parietal placentation, ovules develop on the inner wall or peripheral part of the ovary. Ovary is compound or syncarpous and may appear unilocular or falsely multilocular, e.g., mustard, Argemone.
Q3605.
Match Column I with Column II:
✅ Correct Answer:
3 4 2 1
🧠 Solution:
(A)-(3), (B)-(4), (C)-(2), (D)-(1). Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) has zygomorphic flowers, 5 fused sepals, 5 petals (2 fused), 9 united + 1 free stamens, 1 superior ovary.
Q3496. Pneumatophores occur in
✅ Correct Answer: halophytes
🧠 Solution:
Pneumatophores are breathing or respiratory roots found in halophytes like mangroves. These roots project out of water to pick up oxygen for respiration. Carnivorous plants and free-floating or submerged hydrophytes do not possess pneumatophores.
Q3592. The morphological nature of the edible part of coconut is
✅ Correct Answer: endosperm
🧠 Solution:
The edible part of coconut is endosperm. Coconut water is free nuclear endosperm; white kernel is cellular endosperm.
Q3503. In Bougainvillea, thorns are modifications of
✅ Correct Answer: stem
🧠 Solution:
Thorns in Bougainvillea are modified stems. They are stiff, sharp structures, lacking a growing point, reducing transpiration and preventing herbivory.
Q3497. Plants which produce characteristic pneumatophores and show vivipary belong to
✅ Correct Answer: halophytes
🧠 Solution:
Halophytes produce pneumatophores (negatively geotropic roots) and show vivipary (germination of seeds inside the fruits). They are adapted to saline swampy conditions like mangroves.
Q3528. The term 'polyadelphous' is related to
✅ Correct Answer: androecium
🧠 Solution:
Polyadelphous refers to androecium, where many stamens are present in more than two groups separated from each other.
Q3527. How many plants among Indigofera, Sesbania, Salvia, Allium, Aloe, mustard, groundnut, radish, gram and turnip have stamens with different lengths in their flowers?
✅ Correct Answer: Four
🧠 Solution:
Only Salvia, mustard, radish, and turnip have stamens of different lengths. Hence, the answer is four.
Q3526. Radial symmetry is found in the flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: Brassica
🧠 Solution:
Brassica flowers are actinomorphic (radial symmetry) and can be cut into two equal halves from any plane. Other flowers are zygomorphic (single plane symmetry).
Q3525.
Free-central placentation is found in
✅ Correct Answer:
Dianthus
🧠 Solution:
Dianthus has free-central placentation. Ovules are attached on the main axis of the placenta.
Q3524. Tricarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium is found in flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: Liliaceae
🧠 Solution:
Liliaceae represents tricarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium (G3). This family includes garlic, onion, tulip, indigo, etc.
Q3523. The standard petal of a papilionaceous corolla is also called
✅ Correct Answer: vexillum
🧠 Solution:
The standard or large upper petal of a papilionaceous corolla is called vexillum.
Q3505. Which of the following is not a stem modification?
✅ Correct Answer: Pitcher of Nepenthes
🧠 Solution:
Pitcher of Nepenthes is a modified leaf, not a stem. It helps trap insects in insectivorous plants.
Q3504. Stems modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as
✅ Correct Answer: phylloclades
🧠 Solution:
Phylloclades are modified aerial stems which are thick, fleshy, and green, performing photosynthesis. Leaves are reduced to spines in these plants.
Q3595. Perisperm differs from endosperm in
✅ Correct Answer: having no reserve food
🧠 Solution:
Perisperm is present in seeds and does not serve as reserve food for the embryo, unlike endosperm.
Q3594. Seed coat is not thin, membranous in
✅ Correct Answer: coconut
🧠 Solution:
Seed coat is thick in coconut seed, thin and membranous in maize, groundnut, and gram.
Q3535. In China rose the flowers are
✅ Correct Answer: actinomorphic, hypogynous with twisted aestivation
🧠 Solution:
China rose flowers are actinomorphic (radial symmetry), hypogynous with twisted aestivation. Actinomorphic flowers can be divided into 3 or more identical sections by rotation about the center.
Q3534. Among bitter gourd, mustard, brinjal, pumpkin, China rose, lupin, cucumber, sunnhemp, gram, guava, bean, chilli, plum, Petunia, tomato, rose, Withania, potato, onion, aloe and tulip, how many plants have hypogynous flower?
✅ Correct Answer: Fifteen
🧠 Solution:
All listed plants except bitter gourd, pumpkin, cucumber, guava, plum, and rose are hypogynous, totaling 15 plants.
Q3531. Among China rose, mustard, brinjal, potato, guava, cucumber, onion and tulip, how many plants have superior ovary?
✅ Correct Answer: Six
🧠 Solution:
Superior ovary is attached above the attachment of other floral parts (hypogynous). China rose, mustard, brinjal, potato, onion and tulip have superior ovaries, totaling six.
Q3530.
Axile placentation is present in
✅ Correct Answer:
lemon
🧠 Solution:
Axile placentation refers to ovules arranged along the central axis of a syncarpous ovary. Examples include lemon, China rose, and tomato.
Q3529. Flowers are unisexual in
✅ Correct Answer: cucumber
🧠 Solution:
Cucumber (family Cucurbitaceae) has unisexual flowers, with male and female flowers either on different plants (dioecious) or on the same plant (monoecious).
Q3498. Roots play insignificant role in absorption of water in
✅ Correct Answer: Pistia
🧠 Solution:
Pistia is a free-floating hydrophyte where absorption of water by roots is insignificant.
Q3593. Which one of the following statements is correct?
✅ Correct Answer: A proteinaceous aleurone layer is present in maize grain
🧠 Solution:
A proteinaceous aleurone layer develops in maize approximately 10-15 days after pollination. Other statements are incorrect: grasses seeds are endospermic; mango is not parthenocarpic; sterile pistil is pistillode.
Q3569. An aggregate fruit is one which develops from
✅ Correct Answer: multicarpellary apocarpus gynoecium
🧠 Solution:
Aggregate fruits develop from multicarpellary apocarpous gynoecium (ovary). In contrast, simple fruits develop from one ovary. Example: raspberry.
Q3533. When the margins of sepals or petals overlap one another without any particular direction, the condition is termed as
✅ Correct Answer: imbricate
🧠 Solution:
Imbricate aestivation: one petal is completely external, another is completely internal, and remaining three are partially internal and external, e.g., Cassia, Callistemon, Caesalpinia.
Q3532. Placenta and pericarp are both edible portions in
✅ Correct Answer: tomato
🧠 Solution:
Tomato's edible parts include both placenta and pericarp. Placenta supplies nutrition for embryo and pericarp is the ovular wall remnants rich in lycopene.
Q3506. An example of edible underground stem is
✅ Correct Answer: potato
🧠 Solution:
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is an edible underground stem which becomes fleshy and tuberous for food storage.
Q3607. Vexillary aestivation is characteristic of the family
✅ Correct Answer: Fabaceae
🧠 Solution:
Vexillary aestivation in corolla is characteristic of Fabaceae. The posterior petal (vexillum) is largest, lateral petals (wings) curved, and two anterior petals (keels) are boat-shaped.
Q3571. The coconut water and the edible part of coconut are equivalent to
✅ Correct Answer: endosperm
🧠 Solution:
Coconut water is free nuclear endosperm and the white kernel surrounding it is cellular endosperm.
Q3570. How many plants in the list have composite fruits that develop from an inflorescence? (Walnut, poppy, radish, fig, pineapple, apple, tomato, mulberry)
✅ Correct Answer: Three
🧠 Solution:
Fig, pineapple, and mulberry are composite fruits developing from inflorescence.
Q3553. The gynoecium consists of many free pistils in flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: Michelia
🧠 Solution:
Apocarpous condition arises when the number of carpels is two or more and they are free from each other. Examples: Clematis, Michelia (Magnoliaceae), Aconitum, Ranunculus.
Q3538. The gynoecium consists of many free pistils in flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: Michelia
🧠 Solution:
Apocarpous condition arises when the number of carpels is two or more and they are free from each other. Examples: Clematis, Michelia (Magnoliaceae), Aconitum, Ranunculus.
Q3537. Cymose inflorescence is present in
✅ Correct Answer: Brassica
🧠 Solution:
Cymose inflorescence in Brassica is determinate (definite) as the terminal flower stops further growth. Subsequent growth continues through lateral branches, e.g., family Solanaceae.
Q3536. Placentation in tomato and lemon is
✅ Correct Answer: axile
🧠 Solution:
Tomato (Solanaceae) and lemon (Citrus) have axile placentation in multicarpellary, syncarpous ovary. Ovules are attached to central axis formed by inward growth of carpel margins.
Q3513. Phyllode is present in
✅ Correct Answer: Australian Acacia
🧠 Solution:
Modified petiole called phyllode is present in Australian Acacia. Phyllodes develop vertically with fewer stomata, reducing transpiration.
Q3572. A drupe develops in
✅ Correct Answer: mango
🧠 Solution:
Mango, coconut, plum are drupes, developing from monocarpellary superior ovaries. Pericarp differentiated into epicarp, fleshy mesocarp (edible), and stony endocarp.
Q3608.
The correct floral formula of chilli is
✅ Correct Answer:
🧠 Solution:
Floral formula of chilli (Capsicum annuum) is
It belongs to Solanaceae. Flower is actinomorphic, complete, bisexual; calyx 5 sepals (gamosepalous, valvate aestivation), corolla 5 petals (polypetalous, valvate aestivation), androecium 5 free epipetalous stamens, gynoecium bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular, superior ovary with axile placentation.
Q3556. The ovary is half inferior in flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: peach
🧠 Solution:
If gynoecium is central and other parts are located on the rim of thalamus at the same level, the ovary is half inferior, e.g., plum, rose, peach.
Q3555. Flowers are zygomorphic in
✅ Correct Answer: gulmohur
🧠 Solution:
Zygomorphic flowers can be divided into two similar halves only in one vertical plane. Examples: bean, pea, gulmohur, Cassia.
Q3554. Which one of the following statements is correct?
✅ Correct Answer: Flower of tulip is a modified shoot
🧠 Solution:
The correct statement is that a flower is a highly condensed and modified shoot meant for sexual reproduction. During evolution, nodes of the axis came in contact, internodes reduced, and leaves modified to form floral leaves.
Q3541. The ovary is half inferior in flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: peach
🧠 Solution:
If gynoecium is central and other parts are located on the rim of thalamus at the same level, the ovary is half inferior, e.g., plum, rose, peach.
Q3540. Flowers are zygomorphic in
✅ Correct Answer: gulmohur
🧠 Solution:
Zygomorphic flowers can be divided into two similar halves only in one vertical plane. Examples: bean, pea, gulmohur, Cassia.
Q3539. Which one of the following statements is correct?
✅ Correct Answer: Flower of tulip is a modified shoot
🧠 Solution:
The correct statement is that a flower is a highly condensed and modified shoot meant for sexual reproduction. During evolution, nodes of the axis came in contact, internodes reduced, and leaves modified to form floral leaves.
Q3507. The 'eyes' of the potato tuber are
✅ Correct Answer: axillary buds
🧠 Solution:
Eyes of potato tubers are axillary buds. The tuber is a swollen underground stem with spirally arranged depressions called eyes. Each eye consists of 1-3 axillary buds.
Q3559. The technical term used for the androecium in a flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa sinensis) is
✅ Correct Answer: monadelphous
🧠 Solution:
In monadelphous condition, all filaments fuse to form a group while anthers remain free, e.g., China rose. Diadelphous: two separate bundles. Polyadelphous: more than two separate bundles.
Q3558. In unilocular ovary with a single ovule, the placentation is
✅ Correct Answer: basal
🧠 Solution:
In basal placentation, ovary is bicarpellary, syncarpous, unilocular and a single ovule is borne at the base, e.g., marigold.
Q3557. Keel is characteristic of the flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: bean
🧠 Solution:
In bean family, the two-in-one petal is called the keel, like the keel of a boat. Flowers with this configuration are papilionaceous.
Q3544. The technical term used for the androecium in a flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa sinensis) is
✅ Correct Answer: monadelphous
🧠 Solution:
In monadelphous condition, all filaments fuse to form a group while anthers remain free, e.g., China rose. Diadelphous: two separate bundles. Polyadelphous: more than two separate bundles.
Q3543. In unilocular ovary with a single ovule, the placentation is
✅ Correct Answer: basal
🧠 Solution:
In basal placentation, ovary is bicarpellary, syncarpous, unilocular and a single ovule is borne at the base, e.g., marigold.
Q3542. Keel is characteristic of the flowers of
✅ Correct Answer: bean
🧠 Solution:
In bean family, the two-in-one petal is called the keel, like the keel of a boat. Flowers with this configuration are papilionaceous.
Q3597. An example of a seed with endosperm, perisperm and caruncle is
✅ Correct Answer: castor
🧠 Solution:
Castor seeds (Ricinus communis) are endospermic dicot seeds with perisperm and caruncle. Endosperm acts as food storage tissue.
Q3596. Cotyledons and testa are edible parts of
✅ Correct Answer: groundnut and pomegranate
🧠 Solution:
Edible parts: groundnut - cotyledons; pomegranate - testa. Other examples: walnut - cotyledon, tamarind - mesocarp, coconut - endosperm.
Q3573. A fruit developed from hypanthodium inflorescence is called
✅ Correct Answer: syconus
🧠 Solution:
Syconus fruit develops from hypanthodium inflorescence, e.g., Ficus carica, F. religiosa. Flask-shaped receptacle encloses female flowers giving rise to achene-like fruitlets.
Q3560. An example of axile placentation is
✅ Correct Answer: lemon
🧠 Solution:
Lemon (Citrus sp.) has axile placentation. Argemone: parietal, Dianthus: free-central, Marigold: basal.
Q3545. An example of axile placentation is
✅ Correct Answer: lemon
🧠 Solution:
Lemon (Citrus sp.) has axile placentation. Argemone: parietal, Dianthus: free-central, Marigold: basal.
Q3508. Vegetative propagation in mint occurs by
✅ Correct Answer: sucker
🧠 Solution:
Vegetative propagation in mint (Mentha arvensis) occurs by sucker, a non-green underground specialised stem developing from the underground base of an erect shoot or crown.
Q3576. Dry indehiscent single-seeded fruit formed from bicarpellary syncarpous inferior ovary is
✅ Correct Answer: cypsela
🧠 Solution:
Cypsela is dry indehiscent single-seeded fruit from unilocular, single ovulate inferior ovary of bicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium, e.g., Helianthus.
Q3575. The fleshy receptacle of syconus of fig encloses a number of
✅ Correct Answer: achenes
🧠 Solution:
Syconus develops from hypanthodium inflorescence, e.g., Ficus carica. Flask-shaped receptacle encloses female flowers producing achene-like fruitlets.
Q3574. The fruit is chambered, developed from inferior ovary and has seeds with succulent testa
✅ Correct Answer: pomegranate
🧠 Solution:
Balausta is a pseudocarpic berry from multilocular syncarpous inferior ovary. Rind from exocarp and mesocarp; papery endocarp covers seeds with juicy red testa.
Q3598. In a cereal grain, the single cotyledon of embryo is represented by
✅ Correct Answer: scutellum
🧠 Solution:
In a cereal grain (e.g., wheat), the single cotyledon of embryo is represented by the scutellum. Scutellum is specialized for nutrient absorption from the endosperm.
Q3577. Pineapple (Ananas) fruit develops from
✅ Correct Answer: a cluster of compactly borne flowers on a common axis
🧠 Solution:
Pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus) is sorosis (multiple fruit) developing from a compact inflorescence. Flowers associate by succulent tepals; axis grows fleshy or woody.
Q3562. Long filamentous threads protruding at the end of the young cob of maize are
✅ Correct Answer: styles
🧠 Solution:
Each ovary in maize has a long silky style called corn silk, which protrudes at the end of the young cob. Grains form on cob, covered by leafy bracts.
Q3561. What type of placentation is seen in sweet pea?
✅ Correct Answer: Marginal
🧠 Solution:
Sweet pea (Pisum sativum) has marginal placentation where placenta develops along junction of two carpels in unilocular ovary.
Q3547. Long filamentous threads protruding at the end of the young cob of maize are
✅ Correct Answer: styles
🧠 Solution:
Each ovary in maize has a long silky style called corn silk, which protrudes at the end of the young cob. Grains form on cob, covered by leafy bracts.
Q3546. What type of placentation is seen in sweet pea?
✅ Correct Answer: Marginal
🧠 Solution:
Sweet pea (Pisum sativum) has marginal placentation where placenta develops along junction of two carpels in unilocular ovary.
Q3578. Juicy hair-like structures observed in the lemon fruit develop from
✅ Correct Answer: endocarp
🧠 Solution:
Lemon is hesperidium. Endocarp projects inwards forming chambers with unicellular juicy hairs, which are edible.
Q3579. Edible part in mango is
✅ Correct Answer: mesocarp
🧠 Solution:
Mango is drupe; mesocarp is fleshy and fibrous, forming the edible part. Epicarp forms skin; endocarp is hard and stony.
Q3609. Which of the following is a correct pair?
✅ Correct Answer: Cuscuta — Parasite
🧠 Solution:
Cuscuta, commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a parasitic plant. It belongs to order Solanales and family Convolvulaceae.
Q3581. Geocarpic fruit is
✅ Correct Answer: groundnut
🧠 Solution:
Groundnut fruits ripen underground, pushed into soil by post-fertilization curvature of stalk.
Q3514. Choose the correct match: Bladderwort, Sundew, Venus fly trap
✅ Correct Answer: Utricularia, Drosera, Dionaea
🧠 Solution:
Utricularia, Drosera, and Dionaea are known as bladderwort, sundew, and Venus fly trap respectively.
Q3583. Edible part of banana is
✅ Correct Answer: mesocarp and less developed endocarp
🧠 Solution:
Fleshy mesocarp and rudimentary endocarp of banana are edible. Banana (Musa sapientum) is a perennial herb of family Musaceae.
Q3582. Which is correct pair for edible part?
✅ Correct Answer: Date palm — Pericarp
🧠 Solution:
Date palm fruit has one-seeded oblong berry; fleshy pericarp is edible. Tomato: mesocarp eaten, Maize: endosperm, Guava: seeds eaten.
Q3563.
Bicarpellary gynoecium and oblique ovary occurs in
✅ Correct Answer:
brinjal
🧠 Solution:
Brinjal (Solanaceae) has an obliquely placed bicarpellary ovary characteristic of the family.
Q3548. Bicarpellary gynoecium and oblique ovary occurs in
✅ Correct Answer: brinjal
🧠 Solution:
Brinjal (Solanaceae) has an obliquely placed bicarpellary ovary characteristic of the family.
Q3499. Roots of which plant contain an oxidising agent?
✅ Correct Answer: Soyabean
🧠 Solution:
Leghaemoglobin is present in the roots of soyabean plants. It is an oxygen-binding haem protein in nodules, facilitating O₂ transport to symbiotic bacteria.
Q3580. Geocarpic fruits are produced by
✅ Correct Answer: groundnut
🧠 Solution:
Geocarpy refers to fruits ripening underground. Groundnut fruits are pushed into soil post-fertilization.
Q3610. Match the following and indicate which is correct?
✅ Correct Answer: Malvaceae — Cotton
🧠 Solution:
Sunflower belongs to Asteraceae, orange to Rutaceae, wheat to Poaceae, cotton (Gossypium) belongs to Malvaceae.
Q3584. Edible part in litchi is
✅ Correct Answer: fleshy aril
🧠 Solution:
Aril is a fleshy covering on the seed, arising as an upgrowth of the funicle or base of the ovule. It is the edible part of litchi.
Q3565. Angiosperm to which the largest flowers belong is
✅ Correct Answer: total root parasite
🧠 Solution:
Rafflesia, a total root parasite, produces the largest flower in the world.
Q3564.
The type of placentation in which ovary is syncarpous, unilocular and ovules on sutures is called
✅ Correct Answer:
parietal placentation
🧠 Solution:
Parietal placentation occurs in bicarpellary to polycarpellary syncarpous pistils. Ovary is unilocular and placentae form along fused carpel margins.
Q3550. Angiosperm to which the largest flowers belong is
✅ Correct Answer: total root parasite
🧠 Solution:
Rafflesia, a total root parasite, produces the largest flower in the world.
Q3549. The type of placentation in which ovary is syncarpous, unilocular and ovules on sutures is called
✅ Correct Answer: parietal placentation
🧠 Solution:
Parietal placentation occurs in bicarpellary to polycarpellary syncarpous pistils. Ovary is unilocular and placentae form along fused carpel margins.
Q3500. The plant which bears clinging roots is
✅ Correct Answer: Orchid
🧠 Solution:
Orchids have clinging roots, which are modified adventitious roots providing mechanical support. They arise from axils of leaves or nodes and pierce the substrate for fixation.
Q3599. The embryo in sunflower has
✅ Correct Answer: two cotyledons
🧠 Solution:
Sunflower is a dicotyledonous plant, so the embryo has two cotyledons. Monocots contain only one cotyledon. Sunflower belongs to order Asterales and family Asteraceae.
Q3566. Floral features are chiefly used in angiosperm identification because
✅ Correct Answer: reproductive parts are more stable and conservative than vegetative parts
🧠 Solution:
Vegetative parts are less stable and change due to environment. Floral features are more conservative and reliable for classification (Linnaeus).
Q3551. Floral features are chiefly used in angiosperm identification because
✅ Correct Answer: reproductive parts are more stable and conservative than vegetative parts
🧠 Solution:
Vegetative parts are less stable and change due to environment. Floral features are more conservative and reliable for classification (Linnaeus).
Q3600. Heterospory and seed habit are often discussed in relation to a structure called
✅ Correct Answer: ligule
🧠 Solution:
Heterospory and seed habit are discussed with respect to ligule. Megaspores are retained and fertilized to become seeds. In Selaginella, ligule is a small multicellular scale-like structure at the base of leaf on adaxial side.
Q3585. Which plant will lose its economic value if its fruits are produced by induced parthenocarpy?
✅ Correct Answer: Pomegranate
🧠 Solution:
Testa is the edible part in pomegranate. Induced parthenocarpy will produce seedless fruits, making it uneconomical. Other fruits benefit from parthenocarpy.
Q3587. Which part of the coconut produces coir?
✅ Correct Answer: Mesocarp
🧠 Solution:
In coconut, the fibrous mesocarp produces coir. Epicarp is thin, endocarp encloses the seed with endosperm and embryo.
Q3586. Which one of the following is a true fruit?
✅ Correct Answer: Coconut
🧠 Solution:
Coconut is a true fruit, developing from ripened ovary. False fruits develop from parts of the flower other than ovary, e.g., apple, pear, cashewnut.
Q3611. Tetradynamous stamens are found in family
✅ Correct Answer: Cruciferae
🧠 Solution:
Tetradynamous stamens refer to four long and two short stamens arranged in a flower, e.g., members of Cruciferae (Brassica).
Q3501. Buttress roots are found in
✅ Correct Answer: Terminalia
🧠 Solution:
Buttress roots are irregular, broad roots arising from the basal parts of main stems of older trees like Terminalia, Ficus, and Bombax. They provide mechanical support to the trees.
Q3601. Plant having column of vascular tissues, bearing fruits and having a tap root system is
✅ Correct Answer: dicot
🧠 Solution:
Dicotyledons have two cotyledons, bi- or pentamerous flowers, net-veined leaves, stem with open collateral vascular bundles arranged in a ring, and tap root system.
Q3515. Hypanthodium is
✅ Correct Answer: inflorescence
🧠 Solution:
Hypanthodium is a special type of inflorescence where the axis becomes fleshy and pear-shaped with a hollow cavity. Female flowers are at the base and male flowers towards the apical opening, e.g., Ficus.
Q3612. Pulses are obtained from
✅ Correct Answer: Fabaceae
🧠 Solution:
Fabaceae (Leguminaceae) is economically important and contains a number of legumes or pulses, e.g., gram, green gram, black gram, pigeon pea, soybean, etc.
Q3602. Vivipary is
✅ Correct Answer: seed germination inside the fruit while attached to the plant
🧠 Solution:
Vivipary is germination of seeds inside the fruit while still attached to the parent plant, common in plants growing in sea coasts and salt lakes (e.g., mangroves).
Q3614. Botanical name of cauliflower is
✅ Correct Answer: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
🧠 Solution:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis is cauliflower (phulgobhi), B. oleracea var. capitata is cabbage (bandgobhi), B. oleracea var. caulorapa is knolkhol (ganthgobhi), B. campestris var. sarson is yellow mustard, B. rapa is turnip.
Q3613. Epipetalous and syngenesious stamens occur in
✅ Correct Answer: Asteraceae
🧠 Solution:
In disc florets of Asteraceae, androecium consists of five stamens, which are epipetalous with free filaments and fused anthers (syngenesious), dithecous, introrse, and dehiscing longitudinally.
Q3509. Vegetative reproduction of Agave occurs through
✅ Correct Answer: bulbils
🧠 Solution:
Bulbil is a condensed axillary bud meant for vegetative propagation, e.g., Dioscorea and Agave. Tiny secondary bulbs form in the angle between a leaf and stem or in place of flowers.
Q3502. Velamen is found in
✅ Correct Answer: aerial roots of orchids
🧠 Solution:
Aerial roots of orchids (e.g., Vanda) are surrounded by spongy tissue called velamen, which is hygroscopic and absorbs moisture from the air.
Q3604. Vivipary is characteristic of
✅ Correct Answer: halophytes
🧠 Solution:
Vivipary occurs in halophytes, e.g., Rhizophora, where seeds germinate inside the fruit while attached to the parent plant. The seedling grows out of seed and fruit.
Q3603. Oil reserve of groundnut is present in
✅ Correct Answer: cotyledons
🧠 Solution:
Cotyledons, which are leaves of the embryo, store food for the developing embryo. In groundnut (dicot), oil is stored in cotyledons.
Q3516. A family delimited by type of inflorescence is
✅ Correct Answer: Asteraceae
🧠 Solution:
Asteraceae (Compositae) is characterized by the inflorescence head (capitulum), consisting of many flowers closely arranged on an axis surrounded by involucral bracts.
Q3510. New banana plants develop from
✅ Correct Answer: sucker
🧠 Solution:
Sucker is the subaerial modification of stem, originating from the basal and underground portion of the main stem. It grows obliquely upwards to give rise to a leafy shoot or new plant, e.g., Musa (banana).
Q3615.
Floral formula of tomato/tobacco is
✅ Correct Answer:
🧠 Solution:
Tomato and tobacco belong to Solanaceae, with floral formula
Q3588. Mango juice is got from
✅ Correct Answer: mesocarp
🧠 Solution:
In mango (a drupe), the edible part is the fibrous, pulpy, and juicy mesocarp.
Q3589. Fruit of groundnut is
✅ Correct Answer: legume
🧠 Solution:
Legume (pod) develops from monocarpellary gynoecium. It is a dry dehiscent fruit occurring in Leguminosae, e.g., pea, gram, bean, groundnut.
Q3567. Which one yields fibre?
✅ Correct Answer: Coconut
🧠 Solution:
Commercial fibres: surface fibres (from seeds, e.g., cotton, coconut), bast fibres (from phloem, e.g., hemp, jute), leaf fibres (from leaves, e.g., Agave, Musa).
Q3552. Which one yields fibre?
✅ Correct Answer: Coconut
🧠 Solution:
Commercial fibres: surface fibres (from seeds, e.g., cotton, coconut), bast fibres (from phloem, e.g., hemp, jute), leaf fibres (from leaves, e.g., Agave, Musa).